Description:

Civil War
near Greensboro, NC, April 30, 1865
Civil War Broadside, Post-Appomattox Surrender, Terms of Agreement Between Generals Johnston & Sherman
Broadside
Rare Civil War Broadside, "Constitutionalis Extta", 1p, 6.5" x 10", near Greensboro, North Carolina, April 30, 1865. Flattened folds and creases with wrinkles affecting lower portion of text. Some separation and loss along folds. Tear at lower left edge in blank margin. Chipping to edges. Soiling, toning and scattered foxing. Overall, in good condition.

Printed broadside of General Orders No. 18 and 65, issued by opposing commanders as the Civil War was winding down. In part: "Terms of Agreement Between Gens. Johnston and Sherman / April 27, 1865 / General Orders No. 18 / By the terms of a Military Convention made on the twenty-sixth (26th) by Major General William T. Sherman, U.S.A. and General J. E. Johnston, General C.S.A., the officers and men of this army are to bind themselves not to take up arms against the United States...the object of this Convention is pacification..."

The Battle of Appomattox Court House, fought in Appomattox County, Virginia, on the morning of April 9, 1865, was one of the last battles of the American Civil War. It was the final engagement of Confederate General in Chief Robert E. Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia before they surrendered to the Union Army of the Potomac under the Commanding General of the United States Army, Ulysses S. Grant.

Following Lee's surrender and the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, Major General William T. Sherman met with General Joseph E. Johnston on April 17, 1865, at Bennett Place in Durham, North Carolina, to negotiate a Confederate surrender. At the insistence of Johnston, Confederate President Jefferson Davis, and Secretary of War John C. Breckinridge, Sherman conditionally agreed to generous terms that dealt with both military and political issues. On April 20, Sherman dispatched a memorandum with those terms to the government in Washington. Grant then offered Johnston purely military terms, similar to those that he had negotiated with Lee at Appomattox. Johnston accepted those terms on April 26, 1865, formally surrendered his army and all the Confederate forces in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida.

Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891) was an American career army officer, who served in the United States Army during the Mexican-American War and the Seminole Wars. He was trained as a civil engineer at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, graduating in the same class as Robert E. Lee. After Virginia declared secession from the United States, Johnston entered the Confederate States Army as one of its most senior general officers. By 1860, he achieved the rank of brigadier general as Quartermaster General of the U.S. Army. In 1863, Johnston was placed in command of the Department of the West. In 1864, he commanded the Army of Tennessee against U.S. Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign. In the war's final days, Johnston was returned to command of the few remaining forces in the Carolinas Campaign. U.S. Army generals Ulysses S. Grant and Sherman praised his actions in the war and became friends with Johnston afterward.

William T. Sherman (1820-1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He graduated in 1840 from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. Sherman commanded a brigade of volunteers at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, and then was transferred to the Western Theater. As a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, Sherman earned recognition for his command of military strategy, forming a close partnership with General Ulysses S. Grant. Sherman served under Grant in 1862 and 1863 in the Battle of Fort Henry and the Battle of Fort Donelson, the Battle of Shiloh, the campaigns that led to the fall of the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg on the Mississippi River, and the Chattanooga campaign, which culminated with the routing of the Confederate armies in the state of Tennessee. In 1864, when Grant went east to serve as the General-in-Chief of the Union Armies, Sherman succeeded him as the commander in the Western Theater. Then when Grant became President of the United States in March 1869, Sherman succeeded him as Commanding General of the Army.

This item comes with a Certificate from John Reznikoff, a premier authenticator for both major 3rd party authentication services, PSA and JSA (James Spence Authentications), as well as numerous auction houses.

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  • Dimensions: 6.5" x 10"
  • Medium: Broadside

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