Description:

Strategic Bombing Survey Assesses Effects of Atomic Bombs Dropped on Japan, Super Rare

This report by the U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey, established near the end of World War II to assess the effectiveness of Allied bombing, considers the effects of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. It provides an overview of the attacks, how the bombs work, and their effects on human life, Japanese morale, and the decision to surrender.

[ATOMIC BOMB.] The United States Strategic Bombing Survey, The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, June 30, 1946. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1946. 48 pp. (35 illustrations) + 2 large folding maps, 8" x 10.25". Light toning throughout; very good.

Excerpts
"The further question of the effects of the bombs on the morale of the Japanese leaders and their decision to abandon the war is tied up with other factors. The atomic bomb had more effect on the thinking of Government leaders than on the morale of the rank and file of civilians outside of the target areas. It cannot be said, however, that the atomic bomb convinced the leaders who effected the peace of the necessity of surrender.... Thus the problem facing the peace leaders in the Governments was to bring about a surrender despite the hesitation of the War Minister and the opposition of the Army and Navy chiefs of staff.... The atomic bombings considerably speeded up these political maneuverings within the government." (p22-23)

"The danger is real—of that, the Survey's findings leave no doubt. Scattered through those findings, at the same time, are the clues to the measures that can be taken to cut down potential losses of lives and property. These measures must be taken or initiated now, if their cost is not to be prohibitive." (p38)

"To avoid destruction, the surest way is to avoid war. This was the Survey's recommendation after viewing the rubble of German cities, and it holds equally true whether one remembers the ashes of Hiroshima or considers the vulnerability of American cities.... No more forceful arguments for peace and for the international machinery of peace than the sight of the devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki have ever been devised." (p43)

Historical Background
In November 1944, Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson (1867-1950) formed a survey team to assess the effects of Anglo-American strategic bombing on Nazi Germany to aid the upcoming campaign against the Japanese home islands. Most of the members of the Survey were civilians, but US Army Air Force General Orvil A. Anderson (1895-1965) also worked with the team in an advisory capacity. Businessman and World War I veteran Franklin D'Olier (1877-1953) served as the chairman of the Survey. The team prepared 208 volumes on strategic bombing in the European theater, which were dated September 30, 1945, and released publicly one month later. The Survey concluded that strategic bombing, particularly against the German oil industry and truck manufacturing, had substantially contributed to Allied success.

Beginning in August 1945, the Survey turned its attention to operations in the Pacific theater and established headquarters in Tokyo in September 1945. In released a report of 108 volumes. It explored the effects of strategic bombing against shipping and against the home islands and devoted a separate section to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The Survey concluded in its larger report: "Based on a detailed investigation of all the facts, and supported by the testimony of the surviving Japanese leaders involved, it is the Survey's opinion that certainly prior to 31 December 1945, and in all probability prior to 1 November 1945, Japan would have surrendered even if the atomic bombs had not been dropped, even if Russia had not entered the war, and even if no invasion had been planned or contemplated."

This item comes with a Certificate from John Reznikoff, a premier authenticator for both major 3rd party authentication services, PSA and JSA (James Spence Authentications), as well as numerous auction houses.

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