Description:

Slavery


Slavery broadsheet circular signed by Southern Gov. rejecting emancipation resolution. Very Rare!

2pp partly handwritten and partly printed document with integral address leaf bearing two printed signatures of 3rd Governor of Mississippi Walter Leake. Docket inscription found on address leaf bearing handwritten philatelic markings. In very good to near fine condition, with expected folds. Isolated minor repairs, notably to gutter and area once corresponding to seal. Each page measures 7.875" x 9.75".


From Jackson, Mississippi on February 7, 1825, Governor Leake and colleagues reported to "His Excellency The Governor of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg" that Mississippi had rejected the January 17, 1824 Ohio Resolution. "I have the honor to transmit to you herewith, a copy of a Resolution of the General Assembly of the State of Mississippi, disagreeing to the Resolution of the State of Ohio, proposing a plan for the emancipation of Slaves in the United States…"


The controversial resolution introduced at the Ohio General Assembly a year earlier had proposed the gradual emancipation of slaves contingent on their removal to West Africa.  All "people of color, held in servitude in the United States" born after passage of the law would be manumitted at age 21 and transported to colonies overseas. Ohioans believed that this resolution would neither "violat[te] the national compact" nor "infring[e upon] the rights of individuals". Furthermore, the resolution was "predicated upon the principle that the evil of slavery is a national one, and that the people and the states of this union ought mutually to participate in the duties and burthens of removing it." Leake hereby announced that Mississippians disagreed.

Emancipation was strictly a states' rights issue up until the passage of the 13th Amendment in 1865, yet States were hyperaware of the legislative decisions of their "Sisters". Most of New England had already passed gradual emancipation legislation by 1804, while Cotton Belt states that relied heavily on slave labor rejected any plans for systematic emancipation. The Mid-Atlantic and border states had mixed reactions to abolition. The response of states to the Ohio Resolution further entrenched regional divisions and loyalties leading up until the Civil War.


Walter Leake (1762-1825) served as a Mississippi Senator from 1817 and 1820, and as 3rd Governor of Mississippi from 1822 until his death in November 1825.


An exceptional document capturing the antebellum slavery debate!


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