Description:

Benito Mussolini & Victor Emmanuel 1937 III DS, Untranslated

DS, 2pp (front and back), untranslated in Italian, measuring 9.5" x 14.5", dated November 29, 1937, Rome, Italy. A partial-printed decree signed on verso by King Victor Emmanuel III as "Vittorio Emmanuele" and countersigned in lower right corner by Prime Minister and Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini as "Mussolini", with an additional signature from the Italian Minister of War at bottom left. Boldly penned by all, with Victor Emmanuel's signature measuring nearly 6.25" in length. Stamped on recto "20 Dic 1937/ Anno XVI" and numbered 287. The document, written on cream watermarked paper, shows expected darkening to edges, light surface markings, and several pinholes along uneven left side margin, not affecting text or signatures. Overall, very good.

Victor Emmanuel III (1869-1947), whose reign encompassed the birth, rise, and fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, held the throne from 1900 until his abdication in 1946 in favor of his son, Umberto II, the last King of Italy. The Fascist Party's March on Rome in 1922, which forced the current Prime Minister Luigi Facta out of office, resulted in Mussolini's ascendence to the position. In the years that followed, Victor Emmanuel remained largely silent on the domestic and political abuses of the Fascist regime, accepting the additional crowns of the Emperor of Ethiopia in 1936 and the King of Albania in 1939 as a result of Mussolini's imperialism. Indeed, despite the King's apprehension to enter World War II, by 1940 he ultimately gave Mussolini control to engage and conduct the war effort. It was not until the Allied invasion of Italy in 1943 that Victor Emmanuel deposed Mussolini and signed the armistice.

This item comes with a Certificate from John Reznikoff, a premier authenticator for both major 3rd party authentication services, PSA and JSA (James Spence Authentications), as well as numerous auction houses.

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