Description:

World War I



An Official, Period Map Used by U.S. Forces in Occupied Germany Depicting the Koblenz Bridgehead Zone, Owned by a Member of Pershing's Staff



Printed map in six sheets, with overprint annotations in black, 42.25" x 22", [Trier] January 4, 1919, titled at upper right "AMENDED COPY... OPERATIONS MAP NO 3 - 3RD AMERICAN ARMY AMERICAN SECTOR COBLENZ BRIDGEHEAD" and stamped, "SECRET MAP ROOM G-3 ADV G.H.Q." at lower right. Usual folds, with a minor loss at one intersection, light toning, else very good.



The map, produced after American forces had completed their march from Luxembourg to Koblenz, where they would establish their headquarters, shows the outline of the semicircle of one of the three Allied bridgeheads over the Rhine which guaranteed their control over this important waterway. Together with similar zones at Mainz (Mayence) and Köln (Cologne), the Koblenz zone radiated approximately twenty miles in a semi-circle which abutted a neutral zone which ran the length of the river from the Dutch border to Switzerland. The map indicates the limits of the bridgehead zone as well as the defensive lines established to protect the same. The Americans would continue the occupation of the Rhineland until 1923 when they handed over the post to the French.



The present map was part of a collection kept by General Robert C. Richardson (1882-1954). By the time the United States entered the First World War, Richardson, a captain, assisted in the rapid buildup of training of the American Expeditionary Force (A.E.F.) bound for France. Fluent in French, Richardson served as an aide and observer with foreign armies before being assigned to the Operations Division, General Staff, A.E.F. as a liaison officer in June 1918. In that capacity he was involved in the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne Offensives. Following the Armistice of November 11, 1918, Richardson served on the Reparations Board of the Peace Commission in Paris and then as part of U.S. Army occupation forces in Germany stationed at Coblenz and later at Mainz. Richardson, a career Army officer was a member of the West Point Class of 1904, serving in the Philippines and as an instructor of modern languages at the United States Military Academy. During the Second World War, Richardson served as Commanding General of the Hawaiian Department, and was instrumental in training American troops in the fundamentals of jungle warfare and amphibious assaults.



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