Description:

Albert Einstein Unified Field Theory AM, 170+ Words & 7 Lines of Equations: "This and the conjugate equation form the 'energy-impulse principle' in its natural form"

A 1p autograph manuscript in German written entirely in the hand of Albert Einstein (1879-1955), the Nobel Prize-winning physicist, comprised of over 170 words and 7 lines of equations relating to the development of his United Field Theory. N.d., n.p. Inscribed in pen on a leaf of watermarked paper numbered "(15)" at upper right, with subsequent numbers in pencil appearing along the right margin. A working document, the manuscript is heavily edited by Einstein, with numerous contemporary cross-outs, insertions, and rewrites appearing throughout the text and formulae. Expected wear including even toning. The upper right hand corner is slightly wrinkled. Else near fine. 8.5" x 11." Accompanied by a German transcription and English translation of all of the legible text excepting the formulae. Previously unpublished.

Translated in part:

"I will now move on to the second approach, which gives us the conservation theorem of impulse and energy in its natural form. If you multiply the field equations (22 a) with ymn and form the usual divergence of the resulting tensor density, you will first obtain

[Formula]

If you consider in the first term the proportion that comes from the usual differentiation after a, it disappears because of the antisymmetry of the contents of the parenthesis with regard to the indices a and n. From the first term, therefore, only the following in the [symbol] square part remains:

[Formula]

in which the two parts with the factor [variables] or [variables] lift away. The third term in the parenthesis also disappears because of the antisymmetry of [variables] in the indices a and l

In the second term, too, only the [symbol] square terms remain, because [variables], k, n or (variables, n), k disappears. The second term therefore takes the form

[Formula]

If this is satisfied, in the above equation after simple rearrangement, you obtain

[Formulas]

(Instead of — [variables], you can also write + [variables]) This and the conjugate equation form the 'energy-impulse principle' in its natural form."

In the early 1940s, Einstein began trying to extend the formulation of the General Theory of Relativity for the purpose of Unified Field Theory. Intensely mathematical and highly abstract theoretical investigations, these Unified Field Theories explored the implications of enabling the metric tensor of General Relativity to support both complex manifolds and asymmetric components. As in so many other areas of physics, Einstein was very definitely a pioneer in this mode of research; and because the mathematics of such asymmetric metric tensors was not well understood at the time, Einstein had to “feel his way forward” – repeatedly developing and abandoning different mathematical approaches to the problem. In generalizing the relativistic equations of gravitation by mathematical methods, Einstein hoped that the equations thus obtained would have direct application to the real world (with the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the metric tensor respectively providing the formal support for gravity and electromagnetism), but he was ultimately unable to develop field equations that adequately represented the empirical realities of physics.

Here, Einstein is working through what appears to be extended gravity field equations for the General Theory of Relativity. The present manuscript evidences an early stage of Einstein’s work with asymmetric field theory, and would appear to be a precursory draft for his famous 1945 paper “Generalization of the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation” (Weil 215). Working with a Hermetian tensor, Einstein has here derived a set of field equations, including what he claims are: "This and the conjugate equation form the 'energy-impulse principle' in its natural form." Einstein was perhaps too optimistic in this conclusion, and it appears that Einstein subsequently abandoned this present approach to Unified Field Theory.

This item comes with a Certificate from John Reznikoff, a premier authenticator for both major 3rd party authentication services, PSA and JSA (James Spence Authentications), as well as numerous auction houses.

WE PROVIDE IN-HOUSE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE!

Accepted Forms of Payment:

ACH, American Express, Discover, MasterCard, Money Order / Cashiers Check, Paypal, Personal Check, Visa, Wire Transfer

Shipping

Unless otherwise indicated, we do our own in-house worldwide shipping!

Applicable shipping and handling charges will be added to the invoice. We offer several shipping options, and remain one of the few auction houses who proudly provides professional in-house shipping as an option to our clients. All items will ship with signature required, and full insurance. Most items are sent via Federal Express, with P. O. Box addresses being sent through USPS. We insure through Berkley Asset Protection with rates of $.70 per $100 of value, among the lowest insurance rates in the industry. Our shipping department cameras document every package, both outgoing and incoming, for maximum security. In addition, we compare our shipping and handling rates against those of other auction houses, to ensure that our charges are among the lowest in the trade.

Upon winning your item(s), you will receive an invoice with our in-house shipping and handling fees included. ***We will ship to the address as it appears on your invoice. If any changes to the shipping address need to be made, you must inform us immediately.***

International shipments: In order to comply with our insurance provider, all international shipments will be sent via Fed Ex and customs paperwork will show a value of $1.00. International buyers should contact our office directly with any questions regarding this policy.

Third Party Shipping Option: If a third party shipper is preferred, the buyer is responsible for contacting them directly to make shipping arrangements. For your convenience, we have provided some recommended shippers. For your protection, we will require a signed release from you, confirming your authorization for us to release your lots to your specified third party Please copy and paste this following link into your browser: http://universityarchives.com/UserFiles/ShippingInfo.pdf. At that point, our responsibility and insurance coverage for your item(s) ceases. Items picked up by third party shippers are required to pay Connecticut sales tax. Items requiring third party shipping due to being oversized, fragile or bulky will be denoted in the item description.

Please see our full terms and conditions for names of suggested third party shippers.

After payment has been made in full, University Archives will ship your purchase within 10 business days following receipt of full payment for item.

Please remember that the buyer is responsible for all shipping costs from University Archives' offices in Wilton, CT to the buyer's door. Please see full Terms and Conditions of Sale.

February 21, 2024 10:30 AM EST
Wilton, CT, US

University Archives

You agree to pay a buyer's premium of up to 25% and any applicable taxes and shipping.

View full terms and conditions

Bid Increments
From: To: Increments:
$0 $99 $10
$100 $299 $20
$300 $499 $25
$500 $999 $50
$1,000 $1,999 $100
$2,000 $2,999 $200
$3,000 $4,999 $250
$5,000 $9,999 $500
$10,000 $19,999 $1,000
$20,000 $49,999 $2,500
$50,000 + $5,000